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An open-source blockchain platform that combines the innovation of the public Ethereum community with enhancements to support enterprise needs.

Explore the features

ConsensusRaft, IBFT
Public / Private / PermissionedPrivate, Permissioned
Smart contractsYes
Smart contract language(s) supportedSolidity, Vyper
Transaction privacyYes
Transaction visibilityPrivate transactions between participants are hidden from all others.
Transaction orderingIn Raft, a synchronization between the leader and other nodes is made to ensure that the order of transactions is the same for all nodes before executing them. In IBFT, there is a single, agreed-upon ordering for transactions in the blockchain.
VersionPeer: 2.7.0; Transaction manager: Tessera 0.10.6
ExplorerEpirus

Fault tolerance

Raft

Raft can tolerate an f number of faulty nodes in n=2f+1, where n is the total number of nodes.

IBFT

IBFT can tolerate an f number of faulty nodes in n=3f+1, where n is the total number of nodes.

Performance

Raft

Fast block times, transaction finality, and on-demand block creation.

IBFT

IBFT is an implementation of the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance algorithm with modifications.

The main difference from Raft, or any other Crash Fault Tolerance algorithm, is that Raft followers blindly trust their leader.

In IBFT, however, each block requires multiple rounds of voting by the set of validators to arrive at a mutual agreement, which is recorded as a collection of signatures on the block content. IBFT is, therefore, slower than Raft.

Suggestions for use with consortia

Raft

With Raft-based consensus where BFT is not a requirement, allow member organizations to add as many nodes as they wish to a network. Any node can be a leader (minter), learner, or follower (verifier). Choose Raft when speed is a priority and threat of malicious activity from any member is low. Use when native privacy of transactions and smart contracts is required.

IBFT

Controls need to be put in place to limit any member organization from running 2/3 of the nodes in the networks. Choose when there is a risk of malicious activity from members, at the expense of speed. Use when native privacy of transactions and smart contracts is required.

Industry use case

Tokenization, copyright protection, supply chain, energy and commodity trading, provenance.

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What’s next?

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